Jehlum district of Punjab province of Pakistan
Short brief history of Jehlum district of Punjab of Pakistan
The recorded of Jehlum a district of modern-day Pakistan,
covers thousands of years. It has since its creation been dominated by
Persian, Greek, Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Sikh and British influences to
present-day Pakistan.
Jhelum is near the site of the famous Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander the Great and Raja Porus.
This battle took place a few miles downstream from the city centre,
along the river banks. The city was founded to commemorate the death of
Alexander's horse, Bucephalus, and was originally called Bucephala. Nearby there is also the historic 16th century Rohtas Fort,
another historic fort since Sikh era located at the backside of main
bus stand near Railway Phatak Jhelum City now being used as stores under
Railway Authorities and also Tilla Jogian; a centuries-long history of the area.
In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid Dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sabuktagin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab Region in including the Jehlum district. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to Missionary Sufi saints whose Dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab Region.
The Janjuas and Jats, who now hold the Salt Range and its northern plateau respectively, appear to have been the earliest inhabitants.
The Garkhars,
who appear to represent an early wave of conquest from the west, and
who still inhabit a large tract in the east of the District; while the
Awans, who now cluster in the western plain, are apparently later
invaders, the Gakhars were the dominant race during the early Muslim era and they long
continued to retain their independence, both in Jhelum itself and in the
neighbouring District of Rawalpindi.
During the flourishing period of the Mughal dynasty, the Gakhar
chieftains were among the most prosperous and loyal vassals of the house
of Babar.The
heirs of Mughal tribes spread with the bank of river Jhelum and the
main locations of Mughal tribes started to live in Chak Nazar,
Khardiyala and Mong Rasool. Those Mughal tribes belong to highest clan
"Barlas" Mughal. They even lived as open declared Mughal Tribes during
the hard period of British. They did not lose their identity and lived
with honours. After the 1923 Flood in river Jhelum.These Mughal Families
migrated to different parts of Jhelum and Gujrat. As the record shows
that they were known as big land owners in Jhelum and Gujrat.One of the
family of Mirza Khan Muhammad and Mirza Doust Muhammad, shifted to
village Aima Afghana, having lands denoted by the British
Government.Mirza Khan Muhammad had four sons, named Mirza Sarwar Baig,
Mirza Aslam Baig, Mirza Sadiq Baig and Mirza Bashir Baig.
The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Jehlum district.
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