Allahabad historical city of India
Short brief history of Allahabad city of India
Allahabad is one of the largest cities of the North Indian state of Utter Pradesh in India.
During the Ramayana epic era, Prayaga was made up of a few rishi's huts at the confluence of the sacred rivers, and much of the countryside was continuous jungle. Loard Rama the main protagonist in the Ramayana, spent some time here, at the Ashram of Sage Bharadwai, before proceeding to nearby Chitrakoot.
The Doab region, including Prayaga, was controlled by several empires and dynasties in the ages to come. It became a part of the Mauryan and Gupta empires of the east and the Khushan empire of the west before becoming part of the Kannauj empire. Objects unearthed in Prayaga (now Allahabad) indicate that it was part of the Kushanaempire in the 1st century AD.
The Mughal
invasion of India began in 1526, and Prayaga then became a part of
their empire. Understanding the strategic position of the place in the
Doab region, at the confluence of its defining rivers which had immense
navigational potential, the Mughal emperor Akbar built a magnificent fort– one of his largest – on the banks of the holy Sangam and re-christened the town as Illahabad in 1575. The fort has an
Ashokan pillar and some temples, and was largely a military barracks.
In 1765, the combined forces of the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal emperor hah Alam-II lost the Battle of Buxar to the British.
Although the British did not take over their states at that time, they
established a garrison at Fort Allahabad, understanding its strategic
position as the gateway to the northwest. Governor General Warren Hastings later took Allahabad from Shah Alam and gave it to Awadh, alleging that he had placed himself in the power of the Marathas.
In 1801 the Nawab of Awadh ceded the city to the British East India Company. Gradually the other parts of Doab and adjoining regions to its west (including the Delhi and Ajmer Merwara regions) were won by the British. These northwestern areas were made into a new province called the North-Western provinces with its capital at Agra. Allahabad was located in this province.
In 1834, Allahabad became the seat of the Government of Agra province and a High Court was established. A year later both were relocated to Agra.
In 1857, Allahabad was active in the India Mutiny. After the mutiny, the British truncated the Delhi region of the state, merging it with Punjab, and transferred the capital of the North-Western Provinces to Allahabad, where it remained for the next twenty years.
During the Mutiny of 1857, Allahabad had only a small garrison of
European troops. Taking advantage of this, the rebels brought Allahabad
under their control. Mulavi Liaquat Ali, one of the prominent leaders of the rebellion, was a native of the village of Mahgaon near Allahabad.
The first seeds of the idea of Pakistan were sown in Allahabad. On 29 December 1930, Allama Mohammad Iqbal,s presidential address to the All India Muslim League proposed a separate Muslim state for the Muslim majority regions of India.
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