Amritsar historical city of India
Short brief history of historical city Amritsar of India
Amritsar historically city in north-western part in India. It is the spiritual centre for the Sikh religion and the administrative headquarters of the Amritsar district in the state of Punjab.
Amritsar is one of the largest cities of the Punjab state in India. The city origin lies in the village of Tung, and was named after the lake founded by the fourth Sikh Gru Ram Das
in 1574 on land bought by him for 700 rupees from the owners of the
village of Tung. Earlier Guru Ram Das had begun building Santokhsar
Sarovar, near the village of Sultanwind in 1564 (according to one source
in 1570). It could not be completed before 1588. In 1574, Guru Ram Das
built his residence and moved to this place. At that time, it was known
as Guru Da Chakk. (Later, it came to be known as Chakk Ram Das.)
Amritsar's central walled city has narrow streets mostly developed in
the 17th and 18th century. The city is a peculiar example of an
introverted planning system with unique areas called Katras. The Katras
are self-styled residential units that provided unique defence system
during attacks on the city.Partition of British India into India and Pakistan
had a most profound effect on the demographics, economics, culture,
political and social structures of Amritsar. The state of Punjab was
divided between India and Pakistan and Amritsar became a border city,
often on the front lines of India-Pakistan Wars. The Indian National Congress
had similar aims of incorporating Lahore into India as Lahore was the
cultural, economic, and political capital of undivided Punjab and Hindus
and Sikhs constituted nearly 50% of the population, but Lahore became a
part of Pakistan. Amritsar and Lahore experienced some of the worst
communal riots during the partition of India. Muslim residents of
Amritsar left the city en-masse leaving their homes and property behind
due to violent anti-Muslim riots in Amritsar.
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